{"id":12917,"date":"2016-11-03T09:59:12","date_gmt":"2016-11-03T16:59:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.preposterousuniverse.com\/blog\/?p=12917"},"modified":"2016-11-03T12:24:30","modified_gmt":"2016-11-03T19:24:30","slug":"entropy-and-complexity-cause-and-effect-life-and-time","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/preposterousuniverse.com\/blog\/2016\/11\/03\/entropy-and-complexity-cause-and-effect-life-and-time\/","title":{"rendered":"Entropy and Complexity, Cause and Effect, Life and Time"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Finally back from Scotland, where I gave a series of five talks for the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.gla.ac.uk\/events\/lectures\/gifford\/2016-10\/\">Gifford Lectures in Glasgow<\/a>. The final four, at least, were recorded, and should go up on the web at some point, but I&#8217;m not sure when.<\/p>\n<p>Meanwhile, I had a very fun collaboration with Henry Reich, the wizard behind the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCUHW94eEFW7hkUMVaZz4eDg\">Minute Physics<\/a> videos. Henry and I have known each other for a while, and I previously joined forces with him to talk about <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=v6o2bUPdxV0&#038;list=FLRhV1rWIpm_pU19bBm_2RXw&#038;index=51\">dark energy<\/a> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=GdTMuivYF30&#038;list=FLRhV1rWIpm_pU19bBm_2RXw&#038;index=29\">arrow of time<\/a>. <\/p>\n<p>This time, we made a series of five videos (sponsored by Google and Audible.com) based on sections of <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.preposterousuniverse.com\/bigpicture\/\">The Big Picture<\/a><\/em>. In particular, we focused on the thread connecting the arrow of time and entropy to such everyday notions of cause and effect and the appearance of complex structures, ending with the origin of life and how low-entropy energy from the Sun powers the biosphere here on Earth. Henry and I wrote the scripts together, based on the book; I read the narration, and of course he did the art.<\/p>\n<p>Enjoy!<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Why Doesn&#8217;t Time Flow Backwards?<\/li>\n<div class=\"lyte-wrapper\" title=\"Why Doesn&amp;#039;t Time Flow Backwards? (Big Picture Ep. 1\/5)\" style=\"width:640px;max-width:100%;margin:5px;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL_yKbJ9leUNDE\" itemprop=\"video\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/VideoObject\"><div><meta itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/yKbJ9leUNDE\/hqdefault.jpg\" \/><meta itemprop=\"embedURL\" content=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/yKbJ9leUNDE\" \/><meta itemprop=\"duration\" content=\"PT3M24S\" \/><meta itemprop=\"uploadDate\" content=\"2016-09-29T13:00:06Z\" \/><\/div><meta itemprop=\"accessibilityFeature\" content=\"captions\" \/><div id=\"lyte_yKbJ9leUNDE\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/yKbJ9leUNDE\/hqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\" itemprop=\"name\">Why Doesn&#039;t Time Flow Backwards? (Big Picture Ep. 1\/5)<\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/yKbJ9leUNDE\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/yKbJ9leUNDE\/0.jpg\" alt=\"Why Doesn&amp;#039;t Time Flow Backwards? (Big Picture Ep. 1\/5)\" width=\"640\" height=\"340\" \/><br \/>Watch this video on YouTube<\/a><\/noscript><meta itemprop=\"description\" content=\"Thanks to Google Making and Science for supporting this series, and to Sean Carroll for collaborating on it! His book can be found here: http:\/\/www.penguinrandomhouse.com\/books\/316646\/the-big-picture-by-sean-carroll\/ Playlist of the full video series: https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/playlist?list=PLoaVOjvkzQtyZF-2VpJrxPz7bxK_p1Dd2 Link to Patreon supporters here: http:\/\/www.minutephysics.com\/supporters.html AMAZING Interactive Entropy explainer by Aatish Bhatia: http:\/\/aatishb.github.io\/entropy\/ This video is about why entropy gives rise to the arrow of time, and also how the initial low-entropy condition of the universe is responsible for the fact that we experience time right now, and how ultimately it will lead to the high-entropy heat death of the universe. REFERENCES &amp; ADDITIONAL INFORMATION David Wallace on entropy of gravitating systems: http:\/\/arxiv.org\/pdf\/0907.0659v1.pdf Sean Carroll: The Big Picture (more great articles about entropy, etc on his blog http:\/\/preposterousuniverse.com) Julian Barbour et al on entropic time simulation: https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/arrow-time Music by Nathaniel Schroeder, http:\/\/www.soundcloud.com\/drschroeder MinutePhysics is on Google+ - http:\/\/bit.ly\/qzEwc6 And facebook - http:\/\/facebook.com\/minutephysics And twitter - @minutephysics Minute Physics provides an energetic and entertaining view of old and new problems in physics -- all in a minute! Created by Henry Reich\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:640px;margin:5px;\"><\/div><\/p>\n<li>Do Cause and Effect Really Exist?<\/li>\n<div class=\"lyte-wrapper\" title=\"Do Cause and Effect Really Exist? (Big Picture Ep. 2\/5)\" style=\"width:640px;max-width:100%;margin:5px;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL_3AMCcYnAsdQ\" itemprop=\"video\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/VideoObject\"><div><meta itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/3AMCcYnAsdQ\/hqdefault.jpg\" \/><meta itemprop=\"embedURL\" content=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/3AMCcYnAsdQ\" \/><meta itemprop=\"duration\" content=\"PT3M28S\" \/><meta itemprop=\"uploadDate\" content=\"2016-10-06T13:00:00Z\" \/><\/div><meta itemprop=\"accessibilityFeature\" content=\"captions\" \/><div id=\"lyte_3AMCcYnAsdQ\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/3AMCcYnAsdQ\/hqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\" itemprop=\"name\">Do Cause and Effect Really Exist? (Big Picture Ep. 2\/5)<\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/3AMCcYnAsdQ\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/3AMCcYnAsdQ\/0.jpg\" alt=\"Do Cause and Effect Really Exist? (Big Picture Ep. 2\/5)\" width=\"640\" height=\"340\" \/><br \/>Watch this video on YouTube<\/a><\/noscript><meta itemprop=\"description\" content=\"Thanks to Google Making and Science for supporting this series, and to Sean Carroll for collaborating on it! His book can be found here: http:\/\/www.penguinrandomhouse.com\/books\/316646\/the-big-picture-by-sean-carroll\/ Playlist of the full video series: https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/playlist?list=PLoaVOjvkzQtyZF-2VpJrxPz7bxK_p1Dd2 Link to Patreon supporters here: http:\/\/www.minutephysics.com\/supporters.html This video is about why there&#039;s no such thing as cause and effect at the level of fundamental particle physics, and how our everyday experience of cause and effect arises due to entropy, the large-scale arrow of time, and the leverage certain events have over others. This can explain not only the existence of causes and effects, but also memories, records and so on. REFERENCES &amp; ADDITIONAL INFORMATION Periodic Videos Slow Motion Hydrogen Explosion: https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=qOTgeeTB_kA Sean&#039;s blog: http:\/\/www.preposterousuniverse.com\/blog\/2016\/05\/08\/big-picture-part-one-cosmos\/ Sean Carroll: The Big Picture (more great articles about entropy, etc on his blog http:\/\/preposterousuniverse.com) Interactive Entropy explainer by Aatish Bhatia: http:\/\/aatishb.github.io\/entropy\/ Music for the series was especially composed by Nathaniel Schroeder, http:\/\/www.soundcloud.com\/drschroeder MinutePhysics is on Google+ - http:\/\/bit.ly\/qzEwc6 And facebook - http:\/\/facebook.com\/minutephysics And twitter - @minutephysics Minute Physics provides an energetic and entertaining view of old and new problems in physics -- all in a minute! Created by Henry Reich\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:640px;margin:5px;\"><\/div><\/p>\n<li>Where Does Complexity Come From?<\/li>\n<div class=\"lyte-wrapper\" title=\"Where Does Complexity Come From? (Big Picture Ep. 3\/5)\" style=\"width:640px;max-width:100%;margin:5px;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL_MTFY0H4EZx4\" itemprop=\"video\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/VideoObject\"><div><meta itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/MTFY0H4EZx4\/hqdefault.jpg\" \/><meta itemprop=\"embedURL\" content=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/MTFY0H4EZx4\" \/><meta itemprop=\"duration\" content=\"PT3M35S\" \/><meta itemprop=\"uploadDate\" content=\"2016-10-12T13:00:05Z\" \/><\/div><meta itemprop=\"accessibilityFeature\" content=\"captions\" \/><div id=\"lyte_MTFY0H4EZx4\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/MTFY0H4EZx4\/hqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\" itemprop=\"name\">Where Does Complexity Come From? (Big Picture Ep. 3\/5)<\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/MTFY0H4EZx4\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/MTFY0H4EZx4\/0.jpg\" alt=\"Where Does Complexity Come From? (Big Picture Ep. 3\/5)\" width=\"640\" height=\"340\" \/><br \/>Watch this video on YouTube<\/a><\/noscript><meta itemprop=\"description\" content=\"This video is about the difference between complexity and entropy, and how complex things like life can arise from disorder. Thanks to Google Making and Science for supporting this series, and to Sean Carroll for collaborating on it! His book can be found here: http:\/\/www.penguinrandomhouse.com\/books\/316646\/the-big-picture-by-sean-carroll\/ Playlist of the full video series: https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/playlist?list=PLoaVOjvkzQtyZF-2VpJrxPz7bxK_p1Dd2 Link to Patreon supporters here: http:\/\/www.minutephysics.com\/supporters.html This video is about the difference between complexity and entropy, and how we can see complex things like life, planets, galaxies, humans, intelligence, consciousness, etc arising in our universe when the overall tendency of the second law of thermodynamics is towards increasing entropy and disorder. It turns out that gravitational collapse &amp; other complex structures (such as tendrils that form when coffee and milk mix) arise naturally as part of the path towards increasing entropy. REFERENCES &amp; ADDITIONAL INFORMATION Sean&#039;s blog: http:\/\/www.preposterousuniverse.com\/blog\/2016\/05\/11\/big-picture-part-four-complexity\/ Another article by Sean about complexity and god: https:\/\/www.preposterousuniverse.com\/writings\/dtung\/ Sean Carroll: The Big Picture (more great articles about entropy, etc on his blog http:\/\/preposterousuniverse.com) Interactive Entropy explainer by Aatish Bhatia: http:\/\/aatishb.github.io\/entropy\/ Thanks to Micheal Aranda (https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/user\/WhatImDoingRightNow) for help filming the 4k high resolution slow-motion coffee footage Music for the series was especially composed by Nathaniel Schroeder, http:\/\/www.soundcloud.com\/drschroeder MinutePhysics is on Google+ - http:\/\/bit.ly\/qzEwc6 And facebook - http:\/\/facebook.com\/minutephysics And twitter - @minutephysics Minute Physics provides an energetic and entertaining view of old and new problems in physics -- all in a minute! Created by Henry Reich\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:640px;margin:5px;\"><\/div><\/p>\n<li>How Entropy Powers the Earth<\/li>\n<div class=\"lyte-wrapper\" title=\"How Entropy Powers The Earth (Big Picture Ep. 4\/5)\" style=\"width:640px;max-width:100%;margin:5px;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL_sAMlGyaUz4M\" itemprop=\"video\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/VideoObject\"><div><meta itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/sAMlGyaUz4M\/hqdefault.jpg\" \/><meta itemprop=\"embedURL\" content=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/sAMlGyaUz4M\" \/><meta itemprop=\"duration\" content=\"PT3M15S\" \/><meta itemprop=\"uploadDate\" content=\"2016-10-21T13:00:03Z\" \/><\/div><meta itemprop=\"accessibilityFeature\" content=\"captions\" \/><div id=\"lyte_sAMlGyaUz4M\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/sAMlGyaUz4M\/hqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\" itemprop=\"name\">How Entropy Powers The Earth (Big Picture Ep. 4\/5)<\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/sAMlGyaUz4M\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/sAMlGyaUz4M\/0.jpg\" alt=\"How Entropy Powers The Earth (Big Picture Ep. 4\/5)\" width=\"640\" height=\"340\" \/><br \/>Watch this video on YouTube<\/a><\/noscript><meta itemprop=\"description\" content=\"This video is about how we don&#039;t just need energy to power our lives, we need *low entropy* energy! Thanks to Google Making and Science for supporting this series, and to Sean Carroll for collaborating on it! His book can be found here: http:\/\/www.penguinrandomhouse.com\/books\/316646\/the-big-picture-by-sean-carroll\/ Playlist of the full video series: https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/playlist?list=PLoaVOjvkzQtyZF-2VpJrxPz7bxK_p1Dd2 Link to Patreon supporters here: http:\/\/www.minutephysics.com\/supporters.html This video is about how we don&#039;t just need energy to power our lives, we need *low entropy* energy! This is also known as &quot;free energy&quot;, and one way of thinking about entropy is as the lack of free energy. The sun provides us with useful, low entropy, energy in the form of photons of visible light, which are then absorbed and converted into plants, sugar, complex molecules, etc, before being radiated back into space as heat, which has much higher entropy. Music for the series was especially composed by Nathaniel Schroeder, http:\/\/www.soundcloud.com\/drschroeder REFERENCES &amp; ADDITIONAL INFORMATION Entropy Balance of Radiation of the Earth system http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/0038092X9290097T Heat balance of global warming\/climate change: http:\/\/www.skepticalscience.com\/4-Hiroshima-bombs-worth-of-heat-per-second.html More on the Entropy Balance of the Earth System https:\/\/www.bnl.gov\/envsci\/pubs\/pdf\/2010\/BNL-81482-2008-JA.pdf The Entropy of a Photon Gas: https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Photon_gas Sean&#039;s blog: http:\/\/www.preposterousuniverse.com\/blog\/2016\/05\/11\/big-picture-part-four-complexity\/ Another article by Sean about complexity and god: https:\/\/www.preposterousuniverse.com\/writings\/dtung\/ Sean Carroll: The Big Picture (more great articles about entropy, etc on his blog http:\/\/preposterousuniverse.com) Interactive Entropy explainer by Aatish Bhatia: http:\/\/aatishb.github.io\/entropy\/ MinutePhysics is on Google+ - http:\/\/bit.ly\/qzEwc6 And facebook - http:\/\/facebook.com\/minutephysics And twitter - @minutephysics Minute Physics provides an energetic and entertaining view of old and new problems in physics -- all in a minute! Created by Henry Reich\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:640px;margin:5px;\"><\/div><\/p>\n<li>What Is the Purpose of Life?<\/li>\n<div class=\"lyte-wrapper\" title=\"What is the Purpose of Life? (Big Picture Ep. 5\/5)\" style=\"width:640px;max-width:100%;margin:5px;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL_HxTnqKuNygE\" itemprop=\"video\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/VideoObject\"><div><meta itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/HxTnqKuNygE\/hqdefault.jpg\" \/><meta itemprop=\"embedURL\" content=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/HxTnqKuNygE\" \/><meta itemprop=\"duration\" content=\"PT4M23S\" \/><meta itemprop=\"uploadDate\" content=\"2016-10-26T12:30:00Z\" \/><\/div><meta itemprop=\"accessibilityFeature\" content=\"captions\" \/><div id=\"lyte_HxTnqKuNygE\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/HxTnqKuNygE\/hqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\" itemprop=\"name\">What is the Purpose of Life? (Big Picture Ep. 5\/5)<\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/HxTnqKuNygE\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/HxTnqKuNygE\/0.jpg\" alt=\"What is the Purpose of Life? (Big Picture Ep. 5\/5)\" width=\"640\" height=\"340\" \/><br \/>Watch this video on YouTube<\/a><\/noscript><meta itemprop=\"description\" content=\"This video is about how life arose and what its main function or purpose in the universe seems to be. Thanks to http:\/\/www.audible.com\/minutephysics for supporting this video, and to Sean Carroll for collaborating on it! Playlist of the full video series: https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/playlist?list=PLoaVOjvkzQtyZF-2VpJrxPz7bxK_p1Dd2 Link to Patreon supporters here: http:\/\/www.minutephysics.com\/supporters.html This video is about how life arose and what its main function or purpose in the universe seems to be. Throughout the universe there is a driving tendency for entropy to increase and free energy to be used up; however, sometimes there is some sort of barrier holding back further potential increase in entropy - these entropically favored but not directly possible reactions (like hydrogen nuclei fusing to become helium, or carbon dioxide reacting with hydrogen to form methane and water), *can* be achieved by larger systems, often complex or complicated, that allow multi-step reaction chains that ultimately lead to the entropically favored state. These systems, (stars, whose nuclei foster conditions amenable to fusion of hydrogen into helium, and life, which fosters conditions amenable to hydrogenating carbon dioxide) are naturally entropically favored, once they arise. And thus the purpose of both life, and stars, can be seen, in the context of the universe, as being a catalyst system that helps facilitate increases in entropy that are not otherwise possible. Music for the series was especially composed by Nathaniel Schroeder, http:\/\/www.soundcloud.com\/drschroeder REFERENCES &amp; ADDITIONAL INFORMATION How Life Arose (Hydrogenating CO2 quote): https:\/\/blogs.scientificamerican.com\/observations\/how-life-arose-on-earth-and-how-a-singularity-might-bring-it-down\/ Sean\u2019s blog on this topic: https:\/\/www.preposterousuniverse.com\/blog\/2010\/03\/10\/free-energy-and-the-meaning-of-life\/ Michael Russell article: http:\/\/science.sciencemag.org\/content\/302\/5645\/580.summary The molecular formula for Fructose: https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fructose Adenosine Triphosphate (aka ATP): https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Adenosine_triphosphate Hydrogen Fusion Reaction Chain: http:\/\/hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu\/hbase\/nucene\/fusion.html Richard Pogge (Ohio State University) on Stellar evolution: http:\/\/www.astronomy.ohio-state.edu\/~pogge\/Ast162\/Unit2\/lowmass.html Stellar evolution lecture notes: http:\/\/astro.physics.uiowa.edu\/~kaaret\/s09\/L14_starsevolve.pdf Stellar evolution wikipedia: https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stellar_evolution Sean&#039;s blog: http:\/\/www.preposterousuniverse.com\/blog\/2016\/05\/11\/big-picture-part-four-complexity\/ Sean Carroll: The Big Picture (more great articles about entropy, etc on his blog http:\/\/preposterousuniverse.com) MinutePhysics is on Google+ - http:\/\/bit.ly\/qzEwc6 And facebook - http:\/\/facebook.com\/minutephysics And twitter - @minutephysics Minute Physics provides an energetic and entertaining view of old and new problems in physics -- all in a minute! Created by Henry Reich\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:640px;margin:5px;\"><\/div>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Finally back from Scotland, where I gave a series of five talks for the Gifford Lectures in Glasgow. The final four, at least, were recorded, and should go up on the web at some point, but I&#8217;m not sure when. Meanwhile, I had a very fun collaboration with Henry Reich, the wizard behind the Minute [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[136,28,35],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12917","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-big-picture","category-science","category-time"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/preposterousuniverse.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12917","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/preposterousuniverse.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/preposterousuniverse.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/preposterousuniverse.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/preposterousuniverse.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12917"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/preposterousuniverse.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12917\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12921,"href":"https:\/\/preposterousuniverse.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12917\/revisions\/12921"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/preposterousuniverse.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12917"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/preposterousuniverse.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12917"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/preposterousuniverse.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12917"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}