Unfortunately, I won’t be appearing on Bloggingheads.tv any more. And it is unfortunate — I had some great times there, and there’s an enormous amount to like about the site. So I thought I should explain my reasons.
A few weeks ago we were a bit startled to find a “Science Saturday” episode of BH.tv featuring Paul Nelson, an honest-to-God young-Earth creationist. Not really what most of us like to think of as “science.” So there were emails back and forth trying to figure out what went on. David Killoren, who is the person in charge of the Science Saturday dialogues, is an extremely reasonable guy; we had slightly different perspectives on the matter, but in the end he appreciated the discomfort of the scientists, and we agreed to classify that dialogue as a “failed experiment,” not something that would be a regular feature.
So last week we were startled once again, this time by the sight of a dialogue between John McWhorter and Michael Behe. Behe, some of you undoubtedly know, is a leading proponent of Intelligent Design, and chief promulgator of the idea of “irreducible complexity.” The idea is that you can just look at something and know it was “designed,” because changing any bit of it would render the thing useless — so it couldn’t have arisen via a series of incremental steps that were all individually beneficial to the purpose of the object. The classic example was a mousetrap — until someone shows how a mousetrap is, in fact, reducibly complex. Then you change your choice of classic example. Behe had his butt handed to him during his testimony at the Kitzmiller vs. Dover trial over teaching intelligent design in schools; but embarrassment is not an arrow in the ID quiver, and he hasn’t been keeping quiet since then.
John McWhorter is not a biologist — he’s apparently a linguist, who writes a lot about race. In any event, the dialogue was hardly a grilling — McWhorter’s opening words are:
Michael Behe, I am so glad to meet you, and thank you for agreeing to do this. This is one of the rare times that I have initiated a Bloggingheads pairing, and it’s because I just read your book The Edge of Evolution from 2007, and I found it absolutely shattering. I mean, this is a very important book, and yet I sense, from the reputation or the reception of your book from ten-plus years ago, Darwin’s Black Box, that it may be hard to get a lot of people to understand why the book is so important.
I couldn’t listen to too much after that. McWhorter goes on to explain that he doesn’t see how skunks could have evolved, and what more evidence do you need than that? (Another proof that belongs in the list, as Jeff Harvey points out: “A linguist doesn’t understand skunks. Therefore, God exists.”) Those of us who have participated in Bloggingheads dialogues before have come to expect a slightly more elevated brand of discourse than this.
Then, to make things more bizarre, the dialogue suddenly disappeared from the site. I still have very little understanding why that happened. The reason given was that it was removed at McWhorter’s behest, because he didn’t think it represented him, Behe, or BH.tv very well. I’m sure that is the reason it was removed, although I have no idea what McWhorter was thinking — either when he proposed the dialogue, or while he was doing it, or when he asked that it be taken down. Certainly none of we scientists who were disturbed that the dialogue existed in the first place ever asked that it be removed. That feeds right into the persecution complex of the creationists, who like nothing more than to complain about how they are oppressed by the system. And, on cue, Behe popped up to compare Bloggingheads to Stalinist Russia. But now the dialogue is back up again — so I suppose old comrades can be rehabilitated, after all.
But, while none of the scientists involved with BH.tv was calling for the dialogue to be removed, we were a little perturbed at the appearance of an ID proponent so quickly after we thought we understood that the previous example had been judged a failed experiment. So more emails went back and forth, and this morning we had a conference call with Bob Wright, founder of BH.tv. To be honest, I went in expecting to exchange a few formalities and clear the air and we could all get on with our lives; but by the time it was over we agreed that we were disagreeing, and personally I didn’t want to be associated with the site any more. I don’t want to speak for anyone else; I know that Carl Zimmer was also very bothered by the whole thing, hopefully he will chime in.
It’s important to understand exactly what the objections are. (Again, speaking only for myself; others may object on different grounds.) It’s too easy to guess at what someone else is thinking, then argue against that, rather than work to understand where they are coming from. I tried to lay out my own thinking in the Grid of Disputation post. Namely: if BH.tv has something unique and special going for it, it’s the idea that it’s not just a shouting match, or mindless entertainment. It’s a place we can go to hear people with very different perspectives talk about issues about which they may strongly disagree, but with a presumption that both people are worth listening to. If the issue at hand is one with which I’m sufficiently familiar, I can judge for myself whether I think the speakers are respectable; but if it’s not, I have to go by my experience with other dialogues on the site.
What I objected to about the creationists was that they were not worthy opponents with whom I disagree; they’re just crackpots. Go to a biology conference, read a biology journal, spend time in a biology department; nobody is arguing about the possibility that an ill-specified supernatural “designer” is interfering at whim with the course of evolution. It’s not a serious idea. It may be out there in the public sphere as an idea that garners attention — but, as we all know, that holds true for all sorts of non-serious ideas. If I’m going to spend an hour of my life listening to two people have a discussion with each other, I want some confidence that they’re both serious people. Likewise, if I’m going to spend my own time and lend my own credibility to such an enterprise, I want to believe that serious discussions between respectable interlocutors are what the site is all about.
Here’s the distinction I want to draw, which might admittedly be a very fine line. If someone wants to talk about ID as a socio/religio/political phenomenon worth of study by anthropologists and sociologists, that’s fine. (Presumably the right people to have that discussion are anthropologists or sociologists or historians/philosophers of science, not biochemists who have wandered into looney land.) If someone wants to talk to someone who believes in ID about something that person has respectable thoughts about, that would also be fine with me. If you want to talk to a theologian about theology, or a politician about politics, or an artist about art, the fact that such a person has ID sympathies doesn’t bother me in the least.
But if you present a discussion about the scientific merits of ID, with someone who actually believes that such merits exist — then you are wasting my time and giving up on the goal of having a worthwhile intellectual discussion. Which is fine, if that’s what you want to do. But it’s not an endeavor with which I want to be associated. At the end of our conversations, I understood that my opinions about these matters were very different from those of the powers that be at BH.tv.
I understand that there are considerations that go beyond high-falutin’ concerns of intellectual respectability. There is a business model to consider, and one wants to maintain the viability of the enterprise while also having some sort of standards, and that can be a very difficult compromise to negotiate. Bob suggested the analogy of a TV network — would you refuse to be interviewed by a certain network until they would guarantee to never interview a creationist? (No.) But to me, the case of BH.tv is much more analogous to a particular TV show than to an entire network — it’s NOVA, not PBS, and the different dialogues are like different episodes. There is a certain common identity to things that BH.tv does, in a way that simply isn’t comparable to the wide portfolio of a TV network. Appearing for an hour-long dialogue creates connection with a brand in a way that being interviewed for 30 seconds on a TV news spot simply does not. If there were a TV show that wanted me on, but I had doubts about their seriousness, I would certainly decline (and I have).
And heck, we all have a business model. I’d like to sell some books, and I was really looking forward to doing a BH.tv dialogue with George Johnson when my book came out — it would have been a lot of fun, and perhaps even educational. But at the end of the day, I’m in charge of defending my own integrity; life is short, and I have to focus on efforts I can get completely behind without feeling compromised.
Having said all that, I’m very happy to admit that there’s nothing cut-and-dried about any of these issues, and I have a great deal of sympathy for anyone who feels differently and wants to continue contributing to BH.tv. The site provides a lot of high-quality intellectual food for thought, and I wish it well into the future. These decisions are necessarily personal. A few years ago I declined an invitation to a conference sponsored by the Templeton foundation, because I didn’t want to be seen as supporting (even indirectly) their attempts to blur the lines between science and religion. But even at the time I admitted that it wasn’t an easy choice, and couldn’t blame anyone who decided to go. Subsequently, I’ve participated in a number of things — the World Science Festival, the Foundational Questions Institute, and BH.tv itself — that receive money from Templeton. To me, there is a difference between taking the money directly, and having it “laundered” through an organization that I think is otherwise worthwhile. Not everyone agrees; Harry Kroto has expressed deep disappointment that I would sully myself in this manner. And that’s understandable, too; we all have to look at ourselves in the mirror each morning.
So, on we go, weaving our own uncertain ways through the briars of temptation and the unclear paths of right and wrong. Or something like that. I have no doubt that BH.tv will continue to put up a lot of good stuff, and that they’ll find plenty of good scientists to take my place; meanwhile, I’ll continue to argue for increasing the emphasis on good-faith discourse between respectable opponents, and mourn the prevalence of crackpots and food fights. Keep hope alive!
Update: Bob Wright has left a comment here. (See also a comment by David Killoren here.) And at some point soon, a more official BH.tv editorial policy will appear here.
Bob is unhappy that I left out some of the points he made in our conversation, which is somewhat reflective of the fact that we were talking past each other. I was not looking for a “pledge” of anything at all. Rather, I was hoping — and completely expecting — to hear a statement somewhat along these lines: “Of course we all agree that when someone listens to a dialogue on BH.tv, they have a reasonable expectation that both speakers are non-crackpots.” But I don’t think we do agree on that. I am personally not interested in interrogating crackpots to understand their motives; they get more than enough attention as it is, and I’m more interested in discussions between reasonable people. That’s why, unlike some of the commenters, I wouldn’t feel especially different if it had been an expert biologist interrogating a creationist. Different folks have different feelings about this, and that’s why it’s good that we have a big internet.
Dr. Carroll, I understand and respect your decision to withdraw from Bloggingheads, though I am saddened by your decision, because I have found your Bloggingheads diavlogs extremely informative, and because I believe that your Bloggingheads diavlogs have provided a very high quality of science education to a very large audience. I’ve written a proposal, http://bit.ly/5qtj0, for addressing the problems you raise respecting the Bloggingheads editorial process. Thanks very much for considering this proposal.
I just hope all this nonsense doesn’t tarnish BHTV with the sticker “A CREATIONIST APPEARED HERE SO WE CAN’T ANYMORE” or “THE TEMPLETON FOUNDATION IS DICTATING EVERYTHING THAT HAPPENS HERE NOW”
By the way Sean your two diavlogs with David Albert about quantum mechanics etc were probably the best and most enlightening I’ve ever heard on the subject. I think the best scientific or intelectual way around this is to have a diavlog with Bob Wright and enlighten us some more.
As a non-accomodationist atheist who has been given a platform by BHTV to argue that science and religion are not the tiniest bit compatible, I would like to announce that:
I am willing to trust Robert Wright’s explanation of the Behe affair;
I applaud BHTV for making a commitment to discuss controversial matters including the intersection of science and religion, while most of the world is pretending the controversy doesn’t exist;
I accept that this noble commitment may sometimes go wrong, as in the admittedly and admitted foolish mistake of having Behe interviewed by a non-biologist who couldn’t call his BS;
I observe that noble commitments to repeatedly discuss dangerous controversies cannot possibly be expected to go right every time;
I put forth that people of plausibly good intentions, who have served us well in the past, should be allowed to recover from their (or their coworkers’) errors – even more than one error, so long as mistakes don’t seem to be happening systematically;
And I announce my intention to stay on Bloggingheads.tv.
@TPD – I must reiterate that I have enormous respect for Sean Carroll’s work and his ability to convey difficult ideas. And I don’t regard him as living in a fantasy world at all. Far from it. I am also sympathetic to his (as well as many others’ in the scientific community) concern about all manner of unsupported ‘theories’ being taught on equal footing with evolution. My sole proposition here is that the concept of irreducible complexity seems to me to be sufficiently subtle that it merits a serious rebuttal rather than a cursory dismissal, if only so that laypersons without rigorous knowledge of the principles of evolution, and equally important, probability and statistics, can understand why he sees it as an absurd idea. What it comes down to is a matter of the probability of a particular piece of machinery appearing in the spectrum of biological structures as the result of evolution. And probability is not something that is generally understood by either laypersons or scientists. Because the crux of the technical (as opposed to the philosophical) refutation of IC is difficult the serious treatments are hard slogging even for a scientist (e.g., Michael Lynch, ‘Simple evolutionary pathways to complex proteins’), and practically impossible for the layperson. For this reason, I would rather see Sean Carroll use his superb teaching ability to explain the technical (probabilistic) arguments against IC in terms accessible to the public rather than dismissing it preemptively. After all, this is really one of the purposes of the Bloggingheads forum – to allow experts to explain difficult ideas to the layperson.
Just to reinforce my assertion that the very idea of IC is not a priori absurd, one has but to look at the methodology of Lynch’s commendable paper which refutes it. He uses Monte Carlo models to determine the likelihood of complex structures arising by evolution in available timescales with available numbers of organisms. This is an experimental, not a deductive, refutation, and though the results that Lynch obtains through numerical experiment support the evolutionary model, it could in principle have been the other way round. What would the response be if his numbers had proved the opposite?
Finally, again to emphasize what I regard as an inconsistent approach to ‘engagement with ones adversaries’ by Sean Carroll, I would ask Dr. Carroll if he would truly pass up an opportunity to debate this issue (if asked) with, say, Bill O’Reilly of Fox ‘News’? Fox is nothing if it isn’t an abject shill for right wing fallacies of virtually every flavor, and yet even Dawkins appeared on his show (and endured a particularly pitiful ‘proof’ of God’s existence by O’Reilly – the interview is available at Dawkins’ website: http://richarddawkins.net/article,915,The-Video-Bill-OReilly-Interviews-Richard-Dawkins,The-OReilly-Factor-Fox-News ).
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What I find missing in this debate is the interests of the science audience, the common people who are interested in science and want to learn more. Behe’s “black box” book was fascinating to me. Judging by John McWhorter’s reaction and the sales of the book, many more people share this response. What was so interesting was Behe’s detailed and understandable explanations of the molecular workings of cells and microorganisms. The fact that Behe challenged the ToE by asserting that the molecular machines he describes could not have evolved in steps just peaked my interest in understanding the subject further.
I don’t think it is right when the science elite drive great teachers like Behe from the public space. Judging from the little I have learned from repeated attempts to read science pubs like Scientific American, Discover and NY Times Science Tueday, Behe’s talents as an educator in the popular science arena are rarely encountered.
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Just a few quick points:
(1) I agree with Sean completely.
(2) It just seems… reasonable… to decide that a forum is presenting things that you disagree with so strongly, that you will not participate at all. (And reasonable to argue that this is a foolish perspective)
(3) I APPLAUD Sean most of all for writing a reasonable and non-inflammatory comment that makes every attempt to be fair to the other people, including placing clear links to their comments. Let’s not forget that most of these decisions are announced in the form of RANTS WITH LOTS OF CAPITAL LETTERS. More civility = more dialogue = more understanding (if not agreement). This is good.
Having fouled the way it did, science-minded people should shun BH.tv, promptly and without any qualms, and leave it to “those other guys.” Let it become “their” place and let Bob Wright see the light that way. I do not share Sean’s apologetics or his encouragement, in effect, of other scientists not to follow him. A cultural war is going on and you don’t win such by civility. Stopping the western culture from sliding back into the Middle Ages and, in particular, the erosion of America’s principle of separation of state and church (for that’s what they are after, in the long run) is much too important to be fought sportingly. Let the lines of battle be drawn clearly.
Imagine taking a sip of genuine fine cognac from a new bottle of your favourite brand and feeling the unmistakeable smack of kerosene — maybe just a tiny drop, 1 ppm, has found its way into the bottle. Would you excuse the maker on account of the 99.9999% of excellent liquor that still is in the bottle? Would you ever buy that brand again?
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